| insular |
/ˈɪnsjələr/ |
adj. |
孤立的/岛屿的 |
The island has a very insular community / the coastal and insular areas 沿海和岛屿区域 |
| peninsula |
/pəˈnɪnsjʊlə/ |
n. |
半岛 |
Italy is a peninsula surrounded by the Mediterranean |
| islet |
/ˈaɪlɪt/ |
n. |
小岛 |
He owns an islet in the Caribbean |
| marine |
/məˈriːn/ |
adj. |
海洋的 |
He joined the marine biology course |
| maritime |
/ˈmærɪtaɪm/ |
adj. |
海事的 |
The country’s maritime industry is thriving (该国的海运业正在繁荣发展) |
| ledge |
/lɛdʒ/ |
n. |
悬崖岩石突出部 |
She was standing on a ledge overlooking the ocean |
| tide |
/taɪd/ |
n. |
潮汐 |
The tide is coming in |
| ebb |
/ɛb/ |
n. |
退潮 |
The ebb and flow of the tides is constant |
| terrestrial |
/təˈrɛstrɪəl/ |
adj. |
地球的/陆地的 |
terrestrial life (地球上的生物) / Terrestrial ecosystems are very diverse (陆地生态系统非常多样化) |
| endemic |
/ɛnˈdɛmɪk/ |
adj. |
地方性的 |
This plant is endemic to the region / endemic VS pandemic |
| cosmopolitan |
/ˌkɒzməˈpɒlɪtən/ |
adj. |
世界性的 |
New York is a highly cosmopolitan city |
| subterrane |
/ˈsʌbtəˌreɪn/ |
n. |
地下 |
Ancient cities often have extensive subterrane systems |
| subterranean |
/ˌsʌbtəˈreɪniən/ |
adj. |
地下的 |
Subterranean caves can be vast and complex |
| cavern |
/ˈkævərn/ |
n. |
大洞穴 |
The cavern was illuminated by torches |
| cleft |
/klɛft/ |
n. |
裂缝 |
A cleft in the mountains provides a passage |
| crevice |
/ˈkrɛvɪs/ |
n. |
裂缝 |
We saw a snake slither into a crevice in the wall |
| equator |
/ɪˈkweɪtər/ |
n. |
赤道 |
The equator is the line that separates the northern and southern hemispheres |
| altitude |
/ˈæltɪtjuːd/ |
n. |
海拔高度 |
The altitude of the town is 2000 meters above sea level |
| longitude |
/ˈlɒndʒɪtjuːd/ |
n. |
经度 |
The prime meridian is defined as 0 degrees longitude (本初子午线被定义为0度经度) |
| latitude |
/ˈlætɪtjuːd/ |
n. |
纬度 |
the northern latitudes (北纬地区) |
| meridian |
/məˈrɪdiən/ |
n. |
子午线 |
The prime meridian passes through Greenwich, London (本初子午线经过伦敦的格林尼治) |
| subsidiary |
/səbˈsɪdiəri/ |
adj/n. |
附属的/子公司 |
The company has several subsidiaries |
| Antarctic |
/ænˈtɑːktɪk/ |
adj. |
南极的 |
We are studying the impact of climate change on Antarctic wildlife |
| Antarctica |
/æntˈɑːktɪkə/ |
n. |
南极洲 |
Antarctica is the coldest continent on Earth |
| Arctic |
/ˈɑːktɪk/ |
adj. |
北极的 |
Polar bears are native to the Arctic region |
| coastland |
/ˈkoʊstlænd/ |
n. |
沿海地区 |
There are many beautiful beaches in the coastland |
| hemisphere |
/ˈhɛmɪsfɪər/ |
n. |
半球 |
The northern hemisphere includes North America and Europe |
| lowland |
/ˈloʊlənd/ |
n. |
低地，平原 |
Rice is commonly grown in the lowland areas |
| plain |
/pleɪn/ |
n. |
平原 |
The plain is vast and stretches as far as the eye can see |
| strait |
/streɪt/ |
n. |
海峡 |
The Strait of Gibraltar connects the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea |
| plateau |
/ˈplætoʊ/ |
n. |
高原 |
The Colorado Plateau in the United States is famous for its natural beauty |
| basin |
/ˈbeɪsɪn/ |
n. |
盆地，流域 |
The Amazon Basin is home to the world’s largest rainforest |
| navigation |
/ˌnævɪˈɡeɪʃən/ |
n. |
导航，航行 |
Modern navigation techniques have made sea travel much safer |
| salinity |
/səˈlɪnɪti/ |
n. |
盐度 |
The salinity of the water in the Dead Sea is very high |
| sediment |
/ˈsɛdɪmənt/ |
n. |
沉淀物，沙砾 |
The river carries sediment down to the sea |
| elevation |
/ˌɛlɪˈveɪʃən/ |
n. |
海拔 |
The town has an elevation of 5000 feet |
| geothermal |
/ˌdʒiːoʊˈθɜːrməl/ |
adj. |
地热的 |
Geothermal energy is a sustainable source of power |
| terrain |
/təˈreɪn/ |
n. |
地形，地势 |
The terrain here is too rough for vehicles to pass |
| topography |
/təˈpɒɡrəfi/ |
n. |
地形学/地貌 |
Topography is the study and description of the physical features of an area |
| tropics |
/ˈtrɒpɪks/ |
n. |
热带 |
The tropics are characterized by high temperatures all year round |
| temperate |
/ˈtɛmpərɪt/ |
adj. |
温带的/温和的 |
Temperate climates have four distinct seasons / The Nile Valley keeps a temperate climate throughout the year |
| cistern |
/ˈsɪstərn/ |
n. |
蓄水池 |
The cistern collects rainwater for use in the garden |
| lagoon |
/ləˈɡuːn/ |
n. |
浅海湾，泻湖 |
The lagoon is teeming with wildlife, from fish to birds |
| canal |
/kəˈnæl/ |
n. |
运河 |
The Suez Canal is a key shipping route between Europe and Asia |
| conduit |
/ˈkɑːnduɪt/ |
n. |
渠道/ 通道 |
Pakistan became a conduit for drugs produced in Afghanistan |
| artery |
/ˈɑːrtəri/ |
n. |
干线 |
The Nile provided the easiest and quickest artery of communication |
| frontier |
/frʌnˈtɪr/ |
n. |
(20世纪前美国) 西部边疆 |
By the Civil War (1861–1865), few thought of the railroad-linked Midwest as a frontier region or viewed its inhabitants as pioneers |
| expanse |
/ɪkˈspæns/ |
n. |
一大片 |
a vast expanse of blue sky / the vast expanse of the delta |
| boreal |
/ˈbɔːriəl/ |
adj. |
北方的 |
today’s boreal woodlands |
