| linguistics |
/lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪks/ |
n. |
语言学 |
Linguistics is the scientific study of language and its structure |
| phonetics |
/fəˈnɛtɪks/ |
n. |
语音学 |
Phonetics is concerned with the physical properties of sounds |
| lexicology |
/leksɪˈkɑːlədʒi/ |
n. |
词汇学 |
Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and meanings of words |
| manuscript |
/ˈmæn.juː.skript/ |
n. |
手稿，原稿 |
They discovered an ancient manuscript in the cave |
| script |
/skript/ |
n. |
文字系统 |
the earliest evidence of writing is the cuneiform Sumerian script |
| character |
/ˈkærəktər/ |
n. |
字符/文字 |
The Chinese language has thousands of characters |
| cuneiform |
/ˈkjuːnɪfɔːrm/ |
n. |
楔形文字 |
the earliest evidence of writing is the cuneiform Sumerian script on the clay tablets of ancient Mesopotamia |
| hieroglyphic |
/haɪərəˈɡlɪfɪk/ |
n. |
象形文字 |
Two of the three alphabets are ancient Egyptian scripts that stop being used: the **hieroglyphic **and the demotic |
| pictograph |
/ˈpɪktəɡræf/ |
n. |
象形文字 |
The signs marked on clay tablets likewise evolved from simple wedges, circles, ovals, and triangles based on the plain tokens to pictographs derived from the complex tokens |
| calligraphy |
/kəˈlɪɡrəfi/ |
n. |
书法 |
Calligraphy is the art of producing beautiful handwriting using a brush or a special pen |
| genre |
/ˈʒɑːnrə/ |
n. |
类型 |
Science fiction is a popular genre of film and literature |
| slogan |
/ˈsloʊɡən/ |
n. |
标语，口号 |
The company’s advertising slogan is “Just do it.” |
| verse |
/vɜːrs/ |
n. |
诗节 |
She recited a verse from her favorite poem |
| fiction |
/ˈfɪkʃən/ |
n. |
小说 |
Science fiction is a genre of speculative fiction |
| byword |
/ˈbaɪwɜːrd/ |
n. |
代名词 |
Quality is a byword for this brand / Youth is our byword |
| fable |
/ˈfeɪbəl/ |
n. |
寓言故事 |
“The Tortoise and the Hare” is a well-known fable |
| maxim |
/ˈmæksɪm/ |
n. |
格言，箴言 |
“Honesty is the best policy” is a well-known maxim |
| motto |
/ˈmɑːtoʊ/ |
n. |
座右铭 |
“Stay true to yourself” has always been his motto |
| satire |
/ˈsætaɪər/ |
n. |
讽刺文学 |
He wrote a biting satire on the modern political scene |
| farce |
/fɑːrs/ |
n. |
闹剧 |
The trial turned into a complete farce |
| adage |
/ˈædɪdʒ/ |
n. |
谚语/格言 |
“Out of sight, out of mind” is a well-known adage / As the old adage goes, money doesn’t buy happiness |
| synopsis |
/sɪˈnɒpsɪs/ |
n. |
概要 |
A synopsis is a summary of a longer piece of writing or work / Can you give me a synopsis of the book? / For each title there is a brief synopsis of the book |
| implicit |
/ɪmˈplɪsɪt/ |
adj. |
含蓄的/不明确的 |
The meaning was implicit in her words, but not directly stated |
| explicit |
/ɪkˈsplɪsɪt/ |
adj. |
明确的 |
He gave me explicit instructions on how to do it |
| concise |
/kənˈsaɪs/ |
adj. |
简明的 |
The report was concise and to the point |
| succinct |
/səkˈsɪŋkt/ |
adj. |
简明的 |
Something that is succinct expresses facts or ideas clearly and in few words / She gave a succinct overview of the plans / The book gives an admirably succinct account of the technology and its history |
| cogent |
/ˈkoʊdʒənt/ |
adj. |
有说服力的 |
A cogent reason, argument, or example is strong and convincing / She made a cogent argument for the changes / Every decision has to be backed up with rational and cogent arguments |
| glossary |
/ˈɡlɒsəri/ |
n. |
词汇表 |
At the back of the book, there’s a glossary of technical terms |
| clause |
/klɔːz/ |
n. |
条款/子句 |
The contract has a clause that prevents us from doing that |
| entitle |
/ɪnˈtaɪtl/ |
v. |
给…命名 |
He read a poem entitled ‘Salt’ |
| paraphrase |
/ˈpærəfreɪz/ |
v. |
解释 |
Can you paraphrase that paragraph for me? |
| adapt |
/əˈdæpt/ |
v. |
改编 |
He adapted the novel into a screenplay |
| adaptation |
/ˌædəpˈteɪʃən/ |
n. |
改编 |
The movie is an adaptation of a classic novel |
| excerpt |
/ˈɛksɜːrpt/ |
n. |
摘录/节选 |
An excerpt is a short piece of writing or music taken from a larger piece / He read an excerpt from his latest novel |
| abridge |
/əˈbrɪdʒ/ |
v. |
缩短，节略 |
An abridged book or play has been made shorter by removing some parts of it / The book was abridged for the radio broadcast / We have to abridge the movie because it is too long |
