| botany |
/ˈbɒtəni/ |
n. |
植物学 |
She is studying botany at university |
| botanical |
/bəˈtænɪkəl/ |
adj. |
植物学的 |
The botanical garden contains specimens of many plant species / 200,000 specimens of fungus are kept at the Komarov Botanical Institute |
| shrub |
/ʃrʌb/ |
n. |
灌木 |
The garden was planted with flowering shrubs / Once the fire is out, the grass and shrub ecosystems should return quickly |
| laurel |
/ˈlɔːrəl/ |
n. |
月桂树/桂冠 |
She led him round the laurel path and to the walk where the ivy grew so thickly / He was crowned with a laurel for his victory |
| prairie |
/ˈpreri/ |
n. |
大草原 |
Bison once roamed freely across the prairies |
| sequoia |
/sɪˈkɔɪ.ə/ |
n. |
红杉树，美洲杉 |
Sequoias are some of the largest trees in the world |
| herb |
/hɜːrb/ |
n. |
药草/草本植物 |
Many herbs are used in cooking for their flavor / beautiful, fragrant herbs such as basil and coriander. |
| fern |
/fɜːrn/ |
n. |
蕨类植物 |
Ferns are common in shady, damp forests |
| orchid |
/ˈɔːrkɪd/ |
n. |
兰花 |
The orchid is admired for its beautiful blooms |
| rosette |
/roʊˈzet/ |
n. |
玫瑰花形饰物 |
The winner of the competition was given a red rosette |
| germinate |
/ˈdʒɜːrmɪneɪt/ |
v. |
发芽 |
It takes about a week for the seeds to germinate |
| sprout |
/spraʊt/ |
v. |
发芽 |
The plants began to sprout in early spring / It only takes a few days for beans to sprout |
| timber |
/ˈtɪmbər/ |
n. |
木材 |
The cabin was made from timber cut from the forest |
| cluster |
/ˈklʌstər/ |
n. |
簇、丛 |
The vineyard is known for its clusters of sweet grapes |
| bunch |
/bʌntʃ/ |
n. |
一束，一簇 |
She bought a bunch of grapes at the market |
| bark |
/bɑːrk/ |
n. |
树皮 |
The bark of this tree is very rough |
| twig |
/twɪg/ |
n. |
细枝 |
The bird built its nest from twigs |
| bough |
/baʊ/ |
n. |
大树枝 |
A bough is a large branch of a tree / The boughs of the oak tree provided shade |
| branch |
/bræntʃ/ |
n. |
树枝 |
The cat climbed up the branch |
| stem |
/stɛm/ |
n. |
茎、杆 |
The rose stem has many thorns |
| stalk |
/stɔːk/ |
n. |
茎、杆 |
The stalk of the plant supports the leaves and flowers |
| trunk |
/trʌŋk/ |
n. |
树干 |
The trunk of the tree was solid and sturdy |
| leafstalk |
/ˈliːfˌstɔːk/ |
n. |
叶柄 |
The leafstalk attaches the leaf to the stem |
| leaflet |
/ˈliːflɪt/ |
n. |
小叶/传单 |
Each compound leaf of the plant has several leaflets |
| bud |
/bʌd/ |
n. |
芽、花蕾 |
The buds on the tree are beginning to open |
| foliage |
/ˈfoʊliɪdʒ/ |
n. |
叶子 |
The leaves of a plant are referred to as its foliage / The foliage on the trees turned red in the fall |
| petal |
/ˈpɛtl/ |
n. |
花瓣 |
Each flower has five petals |
| husk |
/hʌsk/ |
n. |
壳、外皮 |
The husk of the coconut is very tough |
| pollen |
/ˈpɒlən/ |
n. |
花粉 |
Bees carry pollen from flower to flower |
| log |
/lɒɡ/ |
n. |
原木 |
They used a log to start the fire |
| flora |
/ˈflɔːrə/ |
n. |
植物群 |
The flora of the desert is varied and interesting |
| crossbreed |
/ˈkrɔːsbriːd/ |
v. |
杂交、混种 |
Scientists crossbreed different species of plants to create new hybrids |
| necrosis |
/nɪˈkroʊsɪs/ |
n. |
坏死 |
Necrosis is the death of part of someone’s body, for example because it is not getting enough blood / The disease causes necrosis in the affected plant tissues |
| peel |
/piːl/ |
v. |
剥皮 |
The gardener peels the bark from the log |
| photosynthesis |
/ˌfoʊtoʊˈsɪnθəsɪs/ |
n. |
光合作用 |
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants make their own food |
| pollinate |
/ˈpɑːlɪneɪt/ |
v. |
传授花粉 |
Bees pollinate flowers when they collect nectar |
| pollination |
/ˌpɑːlɪˈneɪʃən/ |
n. |
授粉作用 |
Pollination is necessary for the reproduction of many plant species |
| shell |
/ʃel/ |
n. |
外壳 |
The seeds are hard to eat because of the tough shell |
| shoot |
/ʃuːt/ |
n. |
新芽 |
The first shoots of the plant appeared in the spring / Prune established plants annually as new shoots appear |
| starch |
/stɑːrtʃ/ |
n. |
淀粉 |
Potatoes are high in starch |
| luxuriant |
/lʌgˈʒʊriənt/ |
adj. |
繁茂的 |
The garden is luxuriant with a variety of plants and flowers / luxuriant vegetation |
| spore |
/spɔːr/ |
n. |
孢子 |
Ferns reproduce by releasing spores / Ferns, mosses and fungi spread by means of spores |
| biomass |
/ˈbaɪoʊmæs/ |
n. |
生物量 |
the forest’s minerals are held in its living biomass - the trees and other plants and the animals |
| deleterious |
/ˌdeləˈtɪriəs/ |
adj. |
有害的 |
the relative lack of organic materials in tropical soils is deleterious to plants |
| fibrous |
/ˈfaɪbrəs/ |
adj. |
纤维状的 |
fibrous tissue / helped them grind up tough, fibrous vegetation |
| conifer |
/‘kɑːnɪfər/ |
n. |
针叶树 |
coniferous trees/forests |
