| mathematics |
/ˌmæθəˈmætɪks/ |
n. |
数学 |
Mathematics is essential for understanding the world |
| arithmetic |
/əˈrɪθmətɪk/ |
n. |
算术 |
Arithmetic is the basic study of numbers |
| geometry |
/dʒiˈɒmɪtri/ |
n. |
几何学 |
I want to do little piece of code that’s going to do planar geometry |
| statistics |
/stəˈtɪstɪks/ |
n. |
统计学 |
Statistics is used to interpret data |
| probability |
/ˌprɒbəˈbɪlɪti/ |
n. |
概率 |
Probability is the study of chance |
| calculus |
/ˈkælkjʊləs/ |
n. |
微积分 |
Calculus is a branch of mathematics that studies continuous change |
| triangle |
/ˈtraɪæŋɡl/ |
n. |
三角形 |
A triangle has three sides and three angles |
| quadrilateral |
/ˌkwɑːdrəˈlætərəl/ |
n. |
四边形 |
A square is a quadrilateral |
| pentagon |
/ˈpentəɡɑːn/ |
n. |
五边形/五角大楼 |
The Pentagon has expressed surprise at these allegations |
| hexagon |
/ˈheksəɡɑːn/ |
n. |
六边形 |
Various Windows embellish the corridor, with the shape of square, circle, hexagon and octagon |
| polygon |
/ˈpɑːliɡɑːn/ |
n. |
多边形 |
Boundaries of the polygon may extend to infinity |
| rectangle |
/rɛkˈtæŋɡl/ |
n. |
矩形 |
A rectangle has four right angles. |
| square |
/skwɛr/ |
n. |
正方形 |
A square has four equal sides. |
| parallelogram |
/ˌpærəˈleləɡræm/ |
n. |
平行四边形 |
A parallelogram has opposite sides parallel. |
| rhombus |
/ˈrɒmbəs/ |
n. |
菱形 |
A rhombus has four equal sides but is not necessarily a square |
| diamond |
/ˈdaɪəmənd/ |
n. |
菱形 |
A diamond shape is commonly associated with the rhombus in geometry |
| trapezoid |
/ˈtræpəzɔɪd/ |
n. |
梯形 |
A trapezoid has one pair of parallel sides |
| circular |
/ˈsɜː.kjələr/ |
adj. |
圆形的 |
The table has a circular top |
| conical |
/ˈkɒnɪkəl/ |
adj. |
圆锥形的 |
A conical hat has the shape of a cone |
| spherical |
/ˈsfɪrɪkəl/ |
adj. |
球形的 |
Earth is not perfectly spherical |
| ellipse |
/ɪˈlɪps/ |
n. |
椭圆 |
An ellipse looks like a flattened circle and has two focal points. |
| sphere |
/sfɪər/ |
n. |
球体 |
A sphere is a three-dimensional round shape |
| cone |
/koʊn/ |
n. |
圆锥体 |
A cone has a circular base and a single vertex |
| pyramid |
/ˈpɪrəmɪd/ |
n. |
角锥体 |
Many things about the Great Pyramid are still a mystery |
| prism |
/ˈprɪzəm/ |
n. |
棱柱体 |
Light is refracted when passed through a prism / A spectrum is formed by a ray of light passing through a prism |
| cylinder |
/ˈsɪlɪndər/ |
n. |
圆柱体 |
A cylinder has two flat circular faces and one curved face. |
| cube |
/kjuːb/ |
n. |
立方体 |
A cube has six equal square faces. |
| column |
/ˈkɒləm/ |
n. |
柱 |
In architecture, a column is used to support a structure. |
| symmetry |
/ˈsɪm.ə.tri/ |
n. |
对称 |
This design has perfect symmetry |
| induction |
/ɪnˈdʌk.ʃən/ |
n. |
归纳 |
Mathematical Induction is a powerful and elegant technique for proving certain types of mathematical statements |
| deduction |
/dɪˈdʌk.ʃən/ |
n. |
演绎 |
Deduction is the process of reaching a conclusion from known facts |
| inference |
/ˈɪn.fər.əns/ |
n. |
推理 |
Inference is the act of reaching a conclusion from evidence |
| numeral |
/ˈnjuː.mə.rəl/ |
n. |
数字 |
The Roman numeral for five is V |
| decimal |
/ˈdes.ɪ.məl/ |
n. |
十进制 |
The number 0.5 is written as one-half in decimal form |
| qualitative |
/ˈkwɒl.ɪ.teɪ.tɪv/ |
adj. |
定性的 |
Qualitative analysis focuses on characteristics that are not easily measured |
| fraction |
/ˈfræk.ʃən/ |
n. |
分数 |
Three-quarters is a common fraction |
| ratio |
/ˈreɪ.ʃi.oʊ/ |
n. |
比率 |
The ratio of boys to girls in the class is 2:1. |
| enumerate |
/ɪˈnjuː.mə.reɪt/ |
v. |
列举 |
Please enumerate the reasons for your decision |
| circumference |
/sərˈkʌm.fər.əns/ |
n. |
周长 |
The circumference of a circle is π times its diameter. |
| diameter |
/daɪˈæm.ɪ.tər/ |
n. |
直径 |
The diameter is twice the length of the radius |
| radius |
/ˈreɪdiəs/ |
n. |
半径 |
The radius of a circle is half its diameter |
| calibre |
/ˈkælɪbər/ |
n. |
孔径 |
The caliber of a gun is the internal diameter of its barrel |
| circuitous |
/səˈkɜːr.kjə.təs/ |
adj. |
迂回的 |
A circuitous argument can be hard to follow / The cabdriver took them on a circuitous route to the police station |
| evaluate |
/ɪˈvæl.ju.eɪt/ |
v. |
评估 |
We need to evaluate the results of the experiment |
| variation |
/ˌveriˈeɪʃ(ə)n/ |
n. |
变化 |
This delicious variation on an omelette is quick and easy to prepare |
| variable |
/ˈveəriəbl/ |
n. |
变量 |
In algebra, a variable is often represented by “x.” |
| diagram |
/ˈdaɪəɡræm/ |
n. |
图表 |
A diagram helps visualize complex information. |
| abacus |
/ˈæbəkəs/ |
n. |
算盘 |
An abacus is an ancient tool used for calculations |
| vertical |
/ˈvɜːr.tɪ.kəl/ |
adj. |
垂直的 |
The vertical axis on a graph is often labeled “y. |
| upright |
/ˌʌpˈraɪt/ |
adj. |
垂直的 |
An upright posture is considered proper form. |
| dual |
/ˈdjuː.əl/ |
adj. |
双重的 |
Dual citizenship allows rights in two countries |
| dispersion |
/dɪˈspɜːr.ʒən/ |
n. |
（统计）离散度 |
In statistics, dispersion measures the spread of data values |
